GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)

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GERD

(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)

What is GER?

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) happens when your stomach contents come back up into your esophagus. Stomach acid that touches the lining of your esophagus can cause heartburn, also called acid indigestion.

When the valve at the end of the esophagus (tube that connects the mouth to the stomach) is too relaxed, it does not prevent stomach acid and food from backing up into the esophagus. This causes irritation and inflammation leading to that burning sensation so many people experience.

What is GERD?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a more serious and long-lasting form of GER.

GER that occurs more than twice a week for a few weeks could be GERD. GERD can lead to more serious health problems over time. If you think you have GERD, you should see your doctor.​

GERD affects about 20 percent of the U.S. population.

Who is more likely to have GERD?

Anyone can develop GERD, some for unknown reasons. You are more likely to have GERD if you are:

  • overweight or obese
  • a pregnant woman​
  • taking certain medicines
  • a smoker or regularly exposed to secondhand smoke

Signs and Symptoms

  • Burning sensation under the breastbone
  • Acid regurgitation into the mouth
  • Hoarse or scratchy voice
  • Coughing
  • Asthma
  • Bitter or sour taste in the mouth
  • Dental problems
  • Sinus problems
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Narrowing of the esophagus

How do you control GER and GERD?

You may be able to control gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by:

  • not eating or drinking items that may cause GER, such as greasy or spicy foods and alcoholic drinks
  • not overeating
  • not eating 2 to 3 hours before bedtime
  • losing weight if you’re overweight or obese
  • quitting smoking and avoiding secondhand smoke
  • taking over-the-counter medicines, such as Maalox, or Rolaids​

Treatment

Depending on the severity of your symptoms, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes, medicines, surgery, or a combination.

Lifestyle Changes

Making lifestyle changes can reduce your GER and GERD symptoms. You should:

  • lose weight, if needed.
  • wear loose-fitting clothing around your abdomen. Tight clothing can squeeze your stomach area and push acid up into your esophagus.
  • stay upright for 3 hours after meals. Avoid reclining and slouching when sitting.
  • sleep on a slight angle. Raise the head of your bed 6 to 8 inches by safely putting blocks under the bedposts. Just using extra pillows will not help.
  • quit smoking and avoid secondhand smoke.